This solution booklet is designed not only as a structured academic reference for evaluation, but also as a learning resource that actively engages students with core concepts of professional competence, ethical reasoning, and value-based decision making. The responses connect theoretical foundations with real-world professional applications, encouraging reflective thinking, deeper understanding, and practical insight. By integrating conceptual clarity with applied relevance, the document supports fair, transparent, and outcome-oriented assessment while reinforcing meaningful student engagement with the subject matter.
Behavioural Science Foundation II (LASS111)
Sessional Examination – I
Q1. What is moral development?
Moral development is the process through which individuals progressively develop ethical reasoning and understanding of right and wrong. It evolves through social interaction, cognitive maturity, and reflective judgment.
Q2. Professional competence refers to:
Professional competence refers to the integration of knowledge, skills, and attitude, enabling effective and ethical performance in professional contexts.
Q3. Explain punctuality as a professional value.
Punctuality reflects discipline, respect for time, reliability, and commitment. It strengthens professional image and trustworthiness.
Q4. Define problem-solving in professional contexts.
Problem-solving is a systematic process of identifying issues, analyzing causes, generating alternatives, and implementing effective solutions.
Q5. Moral dilemmas occur when:
Moral dilemmas occur when two or more ethical values conflict, requiring a difficult choice between competing principles.
Q6. Explain the importance of ethical reasoning in professional life.
Ethical reasoning ensures fairness, accountability, and responsible conduct. It supports sustainable decision-making and strengthens professional credibility.
Q7. What is creativity in behavioral sciences?
Creativity refers to the ability to generate innovative ideas and alternative approaches to solving behavioral and organizational challenges.
Q8. Define morals.
Morals are personal principles that guide individuals’ understanding of right and wrong behavior.
Q9. Self-leadership means:
Self-leadership means regulating one’s thoughts, emotions, and actions responsibly to achieve personal and professional goals.
Q10. Explain the five components of professional competence.
The five components are knowledge, skills, attitude, self-presentation, and performance. Together, they ensure holistic professional effectiveness.
Q11. Integrity means:
Integrity means aligning actions consistently with ethical values and principles.
Q12. What are the steps in effective decision making?
Identifying the problem, gathering information, generating alternatives, evaluating options, choosing the best alternative, implementing, and reviewing outcomes.
Q13. Define ethics.
Ethics are formal standards or principles that guide professional and social behavior.
Q14. Sense of belongingness enhances:
Sense of belongingness enhances team cohesion, trust, and collaboration.
Q15. Explain loyalty in professional settings.
Loyalty involves commitment and dedication toward an organization or team while maintaining ethical responsibility.
Q16. Critical thinking involves:
Critical thinking involves logical reasoning, analysis of evidence, and objective evaluation before making judgments.
Q17. How does belongingness reduce workplace stress?
Belongingness fosters emotional support, psychological safety, and trust, thereby reducing stress and interpersonal conflict.
Q18. Define professional competence in detail.
Professional competence is the integrated capacity to apply knowledge, skills, ethical attitude, and consistent performance effectively in workplace situations.
Q19. Explain honesty as a universal human value.
Honesty involves truthfulness and transparency, promoting trust and reducing misunderstandings.
Q20. Which is NOT a component of competence?
Luck is not a component of competence, as competence is developed through structured learning and effort.
Q21. Explain the relationship between competence and career success.
Competence enhances employability, credibility, leadership potential, and long-term career advancement.
Q22. A pros and cons list is:
A pros and cons list is a structured decision-making tool used to evaluate alternatives logically.
Q23. Define values.
Values are deeply held beliefs that influence attitudes, priorities, and decision-making.
Q24. What is performance as a component of competence?
Performance refers to consistent, measurable achievement of professional goals and quality output.
Q25. Moral autonomy refers to:
Moral autonomy refers to independent ethical reasoning and decision-making.
Q26. Explain the importance of universal human values in leadership.
Universal human values guide leaders to act fairly, ethically, and responsibly, fostering trust and sustainable team performance.
Q27. Define moral dilemma with example.
A moral dilemma is a conflict between ethical principles, such as choosing between honesty and loyalty in reporting misconduct.
Q28. Explain the role of knowledge in professional competence.
Knowledge provides theoretical understanding and domain expertise necessary for informed decisions and effective performance.
Q29. What is sense of belongingness?
Sense of belongingness is the feeling of being accepted, valued, and included within a group or organization.
Q30. SWOT analysis evaluates:
SWOT analysis evaluates strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for structured strategic decision-making.
Q31. Regular skill development indicates:
Regular skill development indicates growth orientation and commitment to professional excellence.
Q32. Define professional excellence.
Professional excellence is the continuous pursuit of improvement, high standards, ethical conduct, and sustained performance.
Q33. Explain attitude in professional growth.
Attitude influences resilience, adaptability, cooperation, and openness to learning, directly impacting professional success.
Q34. Refusing to falsify data demonstrates:
Refusing to falsify data demonstrates integrity and moral courage.
Q35. Choosing a career aligned with values reflects:
It reflects value-based decision making and long-term ethical alignment.
Q36. Accountability reflects:
Accountability reflects ownership of actions, decisions, and outcomes.
Q37. Value-based decision making focuses on:
Value-based decision making focuses on ethics, fairness, and moral responsibility.
Q38. Define morals and ethics difference.
Morals are personal beliefs about right and wrong, whereas ethics are formal professional standards guiding conduct.
Q39. Explain three decision-making tools.
SWOT analysis, pros and cons list, and cost-benefit analysis help evaluate alternatives rationally.
Q40. Creativity is essential in problem-solving because:
It encourages innovation, flexibility, and novel solutions.
Q41. A manager analyzing failure constructively reflects:
It reflects professional competence and effective leadership.
Q42. Explain integrity as a workplace value.
Integrity ensures consistency between actions and ethical principles, enhancing trust and credibility.
Q43. Professional excellence requires:
Professional excellence requires continuous learning, adaptability, and ethical commitment.
Q44. Explain self-presentation in professional competence.
Self-presentation includes professional communication, confidence, grooming, and interpersonal behavior that influence workplace perception.
Q45. Punctuality reflects:
Punctuality reflects a responsible and disciplined professional attitude.
Q46. Open communication in a team promotes:
Open communication promotes belongingness and collaborative teamwork.
Q47. Define professional attitude.
Professional attitude refers to responsibility, respect, commitment, and ethical behavior in workplace settings.
Q48. Explain skills in workplace effectiveness.
Skills enable practical application of knowledge, improving efficiency, productivity, and teamwork.
Q49. How do honesty and integrity reduce stress?
They create transparency, trust, and psychological safety, reducing workplace conflict and anxiety.
Q50. Summarize the importance of Behavioral Science Foundation II in professional life.
This course develops problem-solving ability, ethical reasoning, leadership qualities, and value-based competence essential for responsible and effective professional engagement.
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