Sometime
we often heard proclamations that “somebody doesn’t adjust to circumstance” or
“somebody faces a crisis in adjustment”. So often, a question arising to mind,
what is an adjustment and how the adjustment affects life? Adjustment is an
essential characteristic required to live peacefully on this planet. In other
words, we can say that adjustment is the procedure of arriving at an equitable
state among the need of individual and their satisfaction. School and home play a crucial role in the adjustment of an individual.
Originally
the concept of Adjustment was taken from biology and the concept of adjustment
was a cornerstone in Darwin’s theory of evolution. But in biology the term
usually employed was adaptation. According to biologists, only those organisms can
survive who adopts to the hazards of the physical world. Richard S . Lazarus
narrates that the concept of adaption has been borrowed by the psychologist and
renamed as adjustment.
1. Adjustment is a continuous process: Adjustment attained in the current state becomes stable is not true, as the condition and state of affairs modified, the person has to make conscious attempts e.g. in the preliminary phase of marriage, the husband and wife acquired identical habits and tendencies of adjustment but when the child arrives in the family, they have to transform their old habits of adjustment. For example, there are a lot of conflicted situations after the marriage, especially fear of separation in the mind of parents and in such changing situation if members of the family do not adopt. There would be quarrels in the family.
2.
Adjustment is not one-sided process: It is not believable
that the person always adopts with the environment and situations like a bunch
of dust. As the environment makes changes in the person, the person also makes
changes in his social, physical, and psychological environment. As the conditions change, our behaviour
undergoes change and such changes in behaviour affect our environment. Thus we
can say that adjustment is not a one-sided process.
3.
Adjustment is self-perception: Adjustment is not a
passive process of adapt to the factors affecting ourselves. It is the individual
development of his ways of interpreting. It is an attempt to get consistency
and organization by maintaining goal, reason and individuals peculiarities. It
is a creative adjustment. An Individual’s emotional maturity develops through it
and he behaves properly according to his abilities and interest.
4.
Adjustment is a developmental process: In the period of human
development, the person passes through various stages. With the change of age, the situation also changes. There are different problems in different stages of
life. As the individual’s adjustment and priorities of adjustment also changes
in childhood, the child has to make adjustments with parents, elders and
siblings. In their later childhood, he goes to despite and has to adjust with
teachers and other factors of the school world. After the competition of education,
he joins some profession and has to establish proper relations with
professional persons. When the married life begins, the need arises to adjust
with life partners and other factors. I
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD
ADJUSTIVE PERSON:
Even
though it is tremendously tough to conclude an acceptable criteria across the
globe for adjustment as a concept of adjustment varies from nation to nation and
personality to personality depending upon social-cultural circumstances but, in
recent years psychologists have evolved certain criteria to evaluate the
pertinence of adjustment of an individual in his environment. The
characteristics of satisfactory adjustment are:
I. Self
awareness: Satisfactorily adjusted person is well
conscious of his predominance and boundaries. He is mindful of his basic
capabilities. He is acquainted with his achievement and failures. As a result, he makes obligatory changes in himself according to the need.
II. Self-Sufficiency:
Such individuals primarily succumb upon him rather than others. He is self-dependent and not a sponger. He recognizes what he is capable of undertaking, as a
result he takes initiative instead of waiting for others and attempts to
achieve goal.
III. Self-confidence: The self-confidence of an individual achieves flourishing adjustment. Self-confident the person is not frightened of any kind or he is not mystified. He gets on in the
direction of his goals without becoming the hunt for inferiority. Self-confidence is not ego. Ego is perfunctory while self-confidence is hard and
deep. Elders, family members, peer groups and teachers should try to develop
self-confidence in a child from childhood.
IV. Acceptance:
Well adjusted persons should admit his and others personality. He endures his
and others blunders and limitations with a smiling face. He appreciates the
significance of affection.
V. Sense
of security and responsibility: The well-adjusted individual has a sense of security and responsibility after every type of
behaviour. Such folks do not run away from the amenability assigned to him. He
upholds amenabilities consciously carry it out. He is the spy of the Meaningfulness
of whatever he does. He is attentive of his own actions and others activities.
VI. Goal
directedness: Satisfactorily adjusted being has a full intellect of instate his goal, he can attain it. The person who is
inclinable towards his goal can make attempts to accomplish a goal in the right
way. Goal directedness is a predictable condition of making progressive
academic field achievement, installing good interpersonal relations, achieving
success in marital life, resolving conflicts or mounting frustration tolerance.
VII. Balance
in all tenses: Satisfactory adjustment anticipated
balance from person in past, present and future. One should take advantage of
successful experience of past and uses that experiences in present for upcoming
bright future.
VIII. Physical
Health: An individual should be free from
physical illness like fever, nuisance, sores, digestive disorders and
destruction of hunger for satisfied adjustment. These indications in an individual
have sometimes psychological origin and many damages his physical competence.
IX. Psychological
comfort: Well adjusted people do not have any
psychological disorders such as depression, stress, obsession, coercion and
nervousness. These psychological disorders if happened exceptionally causes one to
look for specialized opinions.
X. Social
Acceptance: It is the desire of everyone that
he would be accepted by other peoples. If a person obeys societal norms,
beliefs and values we may call him well/highly adjusted but if he satisfies his
needs in an unethical and antisocial way then he is called mal-adjusted.
XI. Flexibility
in Behaviour: Flexibility in behaviour is shown
by well adjusted individual. He adjusts himself in varying conditions by making
changes in his behaviour.
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How well a person can carry out his responsibilities in various situations is referred to as adjustment. For the advancement of the country, business, the military, education, and other societal endeavors require effective and well-adjusted men. If we view adjustment as success, then we must establish the standards by which to assess the quality of adjustment.
Such individuals primarily succumb upon him rather than others. He is self-dependent and not a sponger. He recognizes what he is capable of undertaking, as a result he takes initiative instead of waiting for others and attempts to achieve goal.
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